Thursday, May 28, 2026

Nurse Aide 1 Module H Body Systems Vocabulary Flash Cards: Musculoskeletal System

Module H focuses on body systems. This set of vocabulary flash cards features the musculoskeletal system as it pertains to North Carolina's Nurse Aide 1 program.

Use the following flashcards to help you study the related terms and definitions.

Directions:

  1. Click on the first flashcard.
  2. Click on each card or on the next thumbnail at the bottom to advance to the next slide.
Module H Musculoskeletal System

Abduction

Moving a body part away from the midline

Adduction

Moving a body part toward the midline

Amputation

Removal of all or part of a limb because of a disease or an accident

Arthritis

Inflammation or swelling of the joints causing stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility

Ball-and-socket Joint

A joint that allows movement in all directions, made up of the rounded end of one bone fitted into the hollow end of another bone, for example, the hip and the shoulder

Bone Marrow

Soft and spongy tissue located in the inside part of the bone

Bones

Hard and rigid structures that make up the skeleton and together form the framework of the body

Cardiac Muscle

Striated, involuntary muscle of the heart

Cartilage

Connective tissue that cushions bones at the joints and keeps them from rubbing together

Closed Fracture

A broken bone that does not break the skin

Contracture

Permanent shortening of muscle resulting in immovable joints

Dorsiflexion

Bending the toes and foot upward at the ankle

Extension

Straightening a body part

External Rotation

Turning the joint outward

Flexion

Bending a body part

Fracture

Break in the bone caused by an accident or osteoporosis

Hinge Joint

A joint that allows movement in one direction, for example, the elbow and knee

Hip Fracture

A serious condition involving a break in the hip bone due to an accidental fall or a fall from weakened bones

Internal Rotation

Turning the joint inward

Involuntary Muscle

A muscle that works automatically and cannot be controlled

Joints

The point where bones meet, made up of connective tissue called cartilage that cushions bones and keeps them from rubbing together during movement

Ligaments

Connect bone to bone

Muscle Atrophy

The wasting away of a muscle due to disuse, causing a decrease in size and increase in weakness of the muscle

Muscle Strain

Damage of the muscle caused by trauma

Muscles

Structure of the body that powers movement of skeleton and helps body stay erect

Musculoskeletal System

System of the body that provides structure and movement for the body

Open Fracture (Compound Fracture)

A broken bone that breaks through the skin

Opposition

Touching the thumb to a finger of the same hand

Osteoarthritis

Degenerative joint disease (DJD) affecting the elderly and may occur with aging or joint injury, usually involving weight-bearing hips and knees

Osteoporosis

Loss of bone density causing bones to become porous and brittle, resulting in bones breaking easily

Phantom Pain

Pain experienced in the area that a body part has been amputated possibly due to damaged nerve endings

Phantom Sensation

The feeling that an amputated body part is still there

Pivot Joint

A joint that allows turning from side to side, for example, the skull connected to the spine

Plantar Flexion

Bending the foot downward at the ankle

Pronation

Turning downward

Prosthesis

Device that replaces body part that is missing or deformed

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Systemic, crippling disease-causing deformities, with stiff, painful, swollen joints

Skeletal Muscle

Striated voluntary muscles attached to the bones that powers movement of the skeleton

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary muscle of the inner linings of organs, such as the stomach, intestines, blood vessels, and others

Sprain

Stretched or torn ligaments or tendons

Supination

Turning upward

Synovial Membrane

Lining of the joints that secretes synovial fluid that acts as lubricant allowing joints to move smoothly

Tendons

Connect muscle to bone

Total Knee Replacement (TKR)

Surgical replacement of the knee with a prosthesis performed to relieve pain and restore mobility, damaged by arthritis or injury

Voluntary Muscle

A muscle that can be controlled


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